In particular, the measurement of involuntary reactions such as changes in electrodermal conductivity or heart rate to assess anxiety, or pupil dilation to assess interest, is seen as a way of circumventing dissembling that can occur with self-reports. The first is establishing objective, replicable procedures that cannot be affected by biases and errors potentially found in observer judgments or self-reports. Johnson, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2001 2.4 T-data: Laboratory TestsĪssessing personality by testing respondents in laboratories or other controlled conditions is motivated by two interests. Finally, the extent of culture independence of facial expressions and other physiological responses is not entirely known. However, the operation of most of this equipment requires skills and experience in medical technology, and interpretation of raw data can require specialized training in psychology, all beyond our scope.
#PUPIL DILATION CHART SKIN#
It is possible to adapt a polygraph or lie detector, for example, to detect changes in pulse, respiration, and skin conductivity that could be correlated with emotional responses to interaction events. But most equipment for measuring physiological changes is out of reach for the average UX practitioner. If you can get some good measuring instruments and are trained to use them to get good measures, it does not get more “embodied” than this. The downside of biometrics is the need for specialized monitoring equipment. Pupillary dilation is an autonomous indication especially of interest, engagement, and excitement and is known to correlate with a number of emotional states ( Tullis & Albert, 2008). Such nervous system changes can be correlated with emotional responses to interaction events. Changes in perspiration are measured by galvanic skin response measurements to detect changes in electrical conductivity. Examples include changes in heart rate, respiration, perspiration, and eye pupil dilation. Biometrics are about detection and measurement of autonomic or involuntary bodily changes triggered by nervous system responses to emotional impact within interaction events. The use of instrumented measurement of physiological responses in participants is called biometrics. Pyla, in The UX Book, 2012 Bio-metrics to detect physiological responses to emotional impact
However, considering the ease with which we can collect this data, UX researchers should consider the opportunity. It would be bad practice to only use pupil dilation to make inferences about cognitive processes and user experience, as the story is incomplete. Therefore, caution must be made when interpreting the results of pupil dilation data.Īs with other UX research methods, it is important to combine metrics with pupil dilation.
Jagdish Sheth, a marketing professor at Emory University, explains: “There no scientific way to establish whether measured interest or anxiety” ( Fong, 2012). Pupil dilation has been used to assess a number of cognitive functions, including fatigue, racial biases, and depression however, it is impossible to tell what changes in pupil size mean without considering the context in which these changes occur ( Powell & Schirillo, 2011). It has been hypothesized that increased blinking is associated with negative feelings and on the contrary, decreases with pleasant psychological states.
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